Panel Lining

This renovation option applies essentially to person-entry pipes, tunnels, manholes, chambers, etc. In this technique, pre-formed panels are fabricated to fit closely to the interior surface of the pipe or structure to be relined and then are adhered to that interior surface. Where deterioration of the existing structure is limited to only part of the interior surface (e.g. above the typical water level in a sewer), the panels may be designed to only line that portion of the structure. In addition to the panel strength itself, structural design requirements will depend on the extent to which adhesion is relied on for load transfer and, for partial panel linings, on the provisions for load transfer at the edges of the panels.