Glossary

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A B C D E F G H I J L M N O P R S T U V W X
Face
The undisturbed soil immediately ahead of the shield.
Ferro-Cement
Material comprising cementitious and steel elements to form a structural lining, which is either placed in situ in a man-entry size pipeline or tunnel, or is preformed into segments for later installation.
Filter Cake
A thin layer of bentonite drilling fluid that seals the borehole preventing the flow of liquids from the borehole into the native soil.
Fluid Assisted
Method of guided drilling using a combination of mechanical drilling and Boring/Drilling pressurised fluid jets to provide the soil cutting action.
Fluid Density
See Mud Weight
Fold & Form Lining
Method of pipeline rehabilitation in which a liner is folded to reduce its size before insertion and reversion to its original shape by the application of pressure and/or heat.
Frac-out
See Hydrofracture
Free Boring
Method of auger boring without a casing.